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6. Architectural patterns that are larger in scope, usually describing an overall pattern followed by an entire system.
7. In software engineering, a design pattern is a general reusable solution to a commonly occurring problem in software design. A design pattern is not a finished design that can be transformed directly into code. It is a description or template for how to solve a problem that can be used in many different situations.
8. Object-oriented design patterns typically show relationships and interactions between classes or objects, without specifying the final application classes or objects that are involved.
9. The amount of data transferred from one place to another or processed in a specified amount of time. Data transfer rates for disk drives and networks are measured in terms of throughput. Typically, throughputs are measured in Kbps, Mbps and Gbps.
10. Java Virtual Machine. A software "execution engine" in a browser, application or Oracle database that runs compiled java byte code (in class files).
11. Java Virtual Machine - Also called a "Java Interpreter", "Java Runtime" - Converts bytecode into OS specific commands.
12. A JVM is a piece of software that is responsible for running Java programs.
13. A domain model can be thought of as a conceptual model of a system which describes the various entities involved in that system and their relationships.
14. A use case is a description of a system's behaviour as it responds to a request that originates from outside of that system.
15. Domain objects are Java classes that perform operations on data objects and provide data for presentation.
16. A business object is a an entity. That is an actor inside the business layer in a multi-tiered system of object-oriented computer programs.
17. The delegation pattern means that a method of one object is implemented by relying completely on a method of another object.
18. In the world of software, a platform is a combination of hardware and software necessary to run applications.
19. The use case technique is used in software and systems engineering to capture the functional requirements of a system.
20. Use cases describe the interaction between a primary actor-the initiator of the interaction-and the system itself, represented as a sequence of simple steps.
21. Actors are something or someone which exist outside the system under study, and that take part in a sequence of activities in a dialogue with the system, to achieve some goal: they may be end users, other systems, or hardware devices.
22. The Document Object Model (DOM) is a platform- and language-independent standard object model for representing HTML or XML and related formats.
23. The DOM is required by JavaScript scripts that wish to inspect or modify a web page dynamically. In other words, the Document Object Model is the way JavaScript sees its containing HTML page and browser state.
24. A subset of the Java Development Kit (JDK) that contains the core executables and files that constitutes the standard Java platform. It includes the Java Virtual Machine (JVM), core classes, and supporting files. - Java Runtime Environment
25. A software package that can be used to write, compile, debug, and run Java applets and applications. - JDK
26. a JRE is a specific implementation of the the JVM, including the core libaries.
27. JVM is used for running the java software with the availablity of JRE which is different in a given environment.
28. Framework is a set of well designed components with the help of which applications can be built upon.
29. The main difference being that a framework is a physical and usable piece of code while a pattern is a logical design solution to a given kind of problem.
30. "A design pattern is a proven solution for a recurring design problem that occurs within a context." - Design Pattern
31. A web application framework is a software framework that is designed to support the development of dynamic websites, Web applications and Web services.
32. A software framework may include support programs, code libraries, a scripting language, or other software to help develop and glue together the different components of a software project. Various parts of the framework may be exposed through an API.
33. The software architecture of a program or computing system is the structure or structures of the system, which comprise software components, the externally visible properties of those components, and the relationships between them.
34. A system of principles, practices, and procedures applied to a specific branch of knowledge. - Methodology
35. The methodology includes the methods, procedures, and techniques used to collect and analyze information.
36. Software testing is the process used to assess the quality of computer software with respect to the context in which it is intended to operate.
37. SQA is a means of monitoring the software engineering processes and methods used to ensure quality.
38. This type of testing is also called sanity testing and is done in order to check if the application is ready for further major testing and is working properly without failing up to least expected level. - Smoke Testing
39. The application is tested against heavy load such as complex numerical values, large number of inputs, large number of queries etc. which checks for the stress/load the applications can withstand. - Stress Testing
40. the software is tested for the functional requirements. The tests are written in order to check if the application behaves as expected. - Functional Testing
41. The software is handed over to the user in order to find out if the software meets the user expectations and works as it is expected to. - User Acceptance Testing
42. The users are invited at the development center where they use the application and the developers note every particular input or action carried out by the user. Any type of abnormal behavior of the system is noted and rectified by the developers. - Alpha Testing
43. The software is distributed as a beta version to the users and users test the application at their sites. As the users explore the software, in case if any exception/defect occurs that is reported to the developers. - Beta Testing
44. White box testing strategy deals with the internal logic and structure of the code. White box testing is also called as glass, structural, open box or clear box testing.
45. Regression testing is any type of software testing which seeks to uncover regression bugs. Regression bugs occur whenever software functionality that previously worked as desired, stops working or no longer works in the same way that was previously planned.
46. Validation refers to meeting the needs of the intended end-user or customer.
47. Verification is the act of reviewing, inspecting, testing, etc. to establish and document that a product, service, or system meets the regulatory, standard, or specification requirements.
48. The tester only knows the inputs and what the expected outcomes should be and not how the program arrives at those outputs. - Black Box Testing
49. A method of testing software that tests the functionality of an application as opposed to its internal structures or workings. - Black Box
50. In Black Box, test cases are built around specifications and requirements (what the application is supposed to do). It uses external descriptions of the software, including specifications, requirements, and design to derive test cases.
51. Black Box can be applied to all levels of software testing; such as unit, integration, functional, system and acceptance.
52. White/Glass Box Testing Strategy can be applied to Unit Testing, Static and dynamic Analysis, Statement Coverage, Branch Coverage, Security Testing and Mutation Testing.
53. White-box test design techniques include Control flow testing, Data flow testing, Branch testing and Path testing.
54. Black-box test design techniques include Decision table testing, All-pairs testing, State transition tables, Equivalence partitioning, Boundary value analysis
55. A framework is usually made of several patterns implementation.
56. Every framework provides the basic building blocks for building your own systems according to your needs.
57. In software development, a Framework is a defined support structure in which another software project can be organized and developed.
58. A software framework is a re-usable design for a software system (or subsystem).